Kaudulla National Park
Kaudulla National Park is one of Sri Lanka’s top wildlife destinations, particularly famous for its large elephant gatherings and scenic landscapes. Located in the dry zone, Kaudulla forms part of a vital elephant corridor network along with Minneriya and Hurulu Eco Park, allowing seasonal migration and movement of herds in search of food and water.
🌿 Overview
- Location: North Central Province, near Habarana
- Established: 2002
- Size: ~6,900 hectares (~17,000 acres)
- Nearest Town: Habarana (20–30 minutes away)
- Main Attraction: Wild elephants, especially between September and November
🐘 Wildlife Highlights
Kaudulla is best known for its large elephant herds, often seen grazing or bathing near the Kaudulla Reservoir.
- Mammals: Asian elephants (hundreds in peak season), sambar deer, spotted deer, Sri Lankan leopard (rare), sloth bear (elusive), wild boar, jackals, grey langurs, toque macaques.
- Birds: Over 160 species including spot-billed pelicans, painted storks, brahminy kites, serpent eagles, Sri Lankan junglefowl.
- Reptiles & Amphibians: Mugger crocodiles, pythons, cobras, lizards, and the protected Indian star tortoise.
🏞️ Ecosystem & Landscape
- Open grasslands, scrub forest, and wetlands.
- The Kaudulla Tank (reservoir) is a major wildlife hotspot, especially in dry months.
- Part of the Mahaweli River catchment area, vital for migratory birds and aquatic life.
🧭 Visiting Kaudulla – What to Know
- Best Time to Visit:
- Sep–Nov: Peak elephant gathering season.
- May–Oct: Good general wildlife sightings.
- Nov–Jan: Rainy season; terrain can be muddy.
- Safari Options: Jeep safaris from Habarana or Minneriya (3 hours; early morning or late afternoon recommended). Guides help spot wildlife and track elephant herds.
- Accessibility: Easy access from Habarana, Sigiriya, or Polonnaruwa. 4WD vehicles recommended (tour operators usually provide).
🐘 Kaudulla vs. Minneriya vs. Hurulu (Elephant Safaris)
| Feature | Kaudulla | Minneriya | Hurulu Eco Park |
|---|---|---|---|
| Best months | Sep–Nov | Jul–Oct | Jun–Sep |
| Elephant numbers | High | Very high (The Gathering) | Moderate to high |
| Landscape | Reservoir & open fields | Grasslands & scrub | Dense forest |
| Crowds | Moderate | High | Least crowded |
| Base town | Habarana | Habarana | Habarana |
✅ Tips for Visiting
- Bring binoculars for birdwatching.
- Carry water and sunscreen – it gets hot and dry.
- Do not feed or approach wildlife.
- Follow park regulations and stay with your guide during safaris.
